How many melanomas might be prevented if more people applied sunscreen regularly?

How many episodes of hospital care might be prevented by widespread uptake of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine?

BACKGROUND It is likely that disease specific infectious morbidity is under-reported. Microbiologically identifiable diseases may be "hidden" in ICD-10 code as "unspecified" disease. AIMS To estimate the proportion of "unspecified" morbidity of infectious cause in infants and young children reported by Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) in England in 1999 that could reasonably be attributed to...

How can injuries in children and older people be prevented?

This is a Health Evidence Network (HEN) synthesis report on injuries in children and older people. The evidence of proven and promising strategies for the prevention of unintentional injuries in children and the older people is considerable. Legislative, environmental modification and educational approaches all have a part to play in preventing or reducing childhood injuries, and their interact...

What Might Cognition Be, If Not Computation?

structure of the target phenomenon, for various reasons researchers in this approach standardly provide a concrete model: an actual computer programmed so that (hopefully) it realizes the same (or a relevantly similar) abstract computational system as is realized by the cognitive systems under study. If the concrete model appears able to perform actual cognitive tasks in much the way people do,...

J-curve Phenomenon Might Be Inherent: How to Know If It Is Treatment Induced?

How many deaths can be prevented by newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

BACKGROUND/AIMS Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is increasingly being included in newborn screening programs. Screening can prevent neonatal mortality in children with salt-wasting CAH, but the number of deaths prevented is not known. Cost-effectiveness analyses of screening require estimates of the probability of mortality in CAH. METHODS We reviewed the literature to identify cohort st...